Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that enables systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
Supervised Learning: The algorithm learns from labeled training data. Examples include spam detection and image classification.
Unsupervised Learning: The algorithm finds patterns in unlabeled data. Clustering and dimensionality reduction are common applications.
Reinforcement Learning: The algorithm learns by interacting with an environment and receiving rewards or penalties.
The most popular libraries for ML in Python are scikit-learn, TensorFlow, and PyTorch.
Features: The input variables used by the model to make predictions.
Labels: The output variable the model is trying to predict.
Training: The process of feeding data to the algorithm so it can learn patterns.
Inference: Using a trained model to make predictions on new data.
Last updated: March 2026